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Showing posts from September, 2020

Proclamation of Philippine Independence

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 September 30, 2020       During the  Spanish-American War , Filipino rebels led by Emilio Aguinaldo proclaim the independence of the Philippines after 300 years of Spanish rule. By mid-August, Filipino rebels and U.S. troops had ousted the Spanish, but Aguinaldo’s hopes for independence were dashed when the United States formally annexed the Philippines as part of its peace treaty with Spain.      The Philippines, a large island archipelago situated off Southeast Asia, was colonized by the Spanish in the latter part of the 16th century. Opposition to Spanish rule began among Filipino priests, who resented Spanish domination of the Roman Catholic churches in the islands. In the late 19th century, Filipino intellectuals and the middle class began calling for independence. In 1892, the Katipunan, a secret revolutionary society, was formed in Manila, the Philippine capital on the island of Luzon. Membership grew dramatically, and in August 1896 the Spanish uncovered the Katipunan’s plans

The KKK's Kartilya ng Katipunan

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 September 30, 2020  The Katipunan is born Andres Bonifacio  was also a member of  La Liga Filipina , although he soon  lost hope  in gaining reforms though peaceful means. This feeling was especially heightened when Jose Rizal was exiled to Dapitan. Bonifacio became convinced that the only way the  Philippines  could gain independence was through a revolution. Bonifacio then founded the “ Katastaasang Kagalanggalangang Katipuanan ng mga Anak ng Bayan ” (KKK) on July 7, 1892 in a house on Azcarraga street (now Claro M. Recto), in Tondo Manila. The Katipunan had colorful beginnings. As a symbol of the member’s loyalty, they performed the solemn rite of  sanduguan  (blood compact), wherein each one signed his name with his own blood.. The members agreed to recruit more people using the “triangle system” of enlistment. Each original member would recruit tow new members who were not related to each other. Each new member would do the same thing, and so on down the line. Members were also a

Magellan's First Voyage around the World by Antonio Pigafetta

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 September 30, 2020 Ferdinand Magellan’s Early Years      Ferdinand Magellan (c. 1480–1521) was born in Sabrosa, Portugal , to a family of minor Portuguese nobility. At age 12 Ferdinand Magellan ( Fernão de Magalhães  in Portuguese and  Fernando de Magallanes  in Spanish ) and his brother Diogo traveled to Lisbon to serve as pages at Queen Leonora’s court. While at the court Magellan was exposed to stories of the great Portuguese and Spanish rivalry for  sea exploration  and dominance over the spice trade in the East Indies, especially the Spice Islands, or Moluccas, in modern Indonesia. Intrigued by the promise of fame and riches, Magellan developed an interest in maritime discovery in those early years.      In 1505 , Magellan and his brother were assigned to a Portuguese fleet headed for India . Over the next seven years, Magellan participated in several expeditions in India and Africa and was wounded in several battles. In 1513 he joined the enormous 500-ship , 15,000-soldier for